SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR SBR
a) General Description
SBR is an activated sludge waste water treatment system for removing dissolved and suspended organic materials and nutrients, where the different stages of the process (aeration, settling, and decantation) occur sequentially, achieved in a single reactor.
b) Processs
• During the aeration phase, the reactor is filled with waste water and is intermittently aerated. This process philosophy is set by the requirement of de-nitrification.
• During the settling period, the feeding, aeration and/or mixing are stopped, and the sludge gets separated.
• The biomass settles down.
• During the decanting phase, the final effluent is separated from the medium by a level and/or speed controlled decanting device.
• A selector tank precedes the SBR reactor and a peak load is applied to the aerobic biomass for stimulating a well formed flock.
• The complete system works on PLC based.
c) Area Requirement
For a 200 KLD SBR plant, the area requirement would be of 170 m², for 3.5 m depth.
d) Power Requirement
Considering the same 200 KLD SBR plant as well as all the required equipment, running for 22 hours a day, the power requirement would be of 279 kW per day.
e) Suitability
• Very low cost, simple system for operation.
• Up gradation of existing plants, and most applications with organic waste.
• Recycled effluent can be used for landscaping, toilet flushing…
SUBMERGED AERATED FIXED FILM REACTOR SAFF
SAFF system is basically an aerobic system which incorporates two different biological growth systems viz., attached fixed film growth process and suspended growth process.
b) Process
• The Submerged Aerated Fixed Film (SAFF) process uses support media to retain an active biomass to reduce the influent BOD Levels.
• Tubular diffusers are used with the SAFF media giving a good air dispersal and low level of blockage due to growth of biological film.
• The SAFF system is a great improvement over conventional Extended Aeration or Activated Sludge plants, and provides a robust and compact unit in a fully enclosed design.
• The technology is rugged and simple to operate and the units can be pre-assembled for rapid on-site installation.
c) Area Requirement
Considering a 200 KLD SAFF plant, the area requirement would be of 160 m², for 4 m depth.
d) Power Requirement
Considering the same 200 KLD SAFF plant as well as all the required equipment, running for 22 hours a day, the power requirement would be of 310 kW per day.
e) Suitability
• Low cost engineered system.
• Suitable for outdoor domestic sewage plants where recycled effluent is to be used for landscaping and/or cooling tower.
• Wherever ASPs are used, the SAFF Reactor can be applied to eliminate high civil and operating costs, skilled control of system and problems due to power failures or any such lapses which affect the treatment of effluents. SAFF Reactors can be applied for effluents which are difficult to treat with ASPs.
FLUIDIZED BED BIO REACTOR FBBR
a) General Description
Essentially, FBBR System is a hybrid process where attached growth and suspended growth treatment processes function simultaneously.
b) Process
• The raw sewage waste, after screening through the bar screen chamber, will led into a below ground collection sump and homogenized through Coarse Bubble diffusion system.
• The homogenized effluent then will be pumped by means of submersible transfer pump to FBBR system for the reduction of organic pollutants.
• Then the wastewater sludge mixture will over flow into a secondary settling tank, where the sludge will be settled at the bottom and the clear supernatant would overflow into the clarified water tank.
• Hypochlorite solution will be dosed in the clarified water tank for disinfection.
• The treated water then passes through a tertiary treatment plant comprising of pressure sand filter for the reduction of suspended solids followed by an activated carbon filter for fine polishing.
c) Area Requirement
Considering a 200 KLD FBBR plant, the area requirement would be of 150 m², for 4.5 m depth.
d) Power Requirement
Considering the same 200 KLD FBBR plant as well as all the required equipment, running for 22 hours a day, the power requirement would be of 276 kW per day.
e) Suitability
• Compact plant, can be placed below ground easily.
• Effluent suitable for landscaping and cooling tower usage
MEMBRANE BIO REACTOR MBR
a) General Description
MBR is a system combining the biodegradation step with a membrane filtration process.
b) Process
• Influent is fed to an aerated bio-reactor to oxidize organic components by activated sludge process.
• Hollow fibre membrane allows only clear water to go through the system.
• In the cross flow system, sludge and liquid is separated by the cross-flow membranes and excess sludge is returned to the bio-reactor, while permeate is discharged or re-used as particle-free effluent.
c) Area Requirement
Considering a 200 KLD MBR plant, the area requirement would be of 130 m², for 3.5 m depth.
d) Power Requirement
Considering the same 200 KLD MBR plant as well as all the required equipment, running for 22 hours a day, the power requirement would be of 688.5 kW per day.
e) Suitability
• MBR Reactor are applicable to effluents from textiles, food processing houses, chemical industries, bulk drugs & pharmaceuticals, pulp & paper industries among others.
• The consistent quality of effluent output and the absence of tertiary treatment required make MBR ideal for concealed plant in hotels, software campuses…